ALERGOLOGÍA PARA MÉDICOS Y PACIENTES 2021

Phenotypes and endotypes of food allergy: A path to better understanding the pathogenesis and prognosis of food allergy. Authors: Baker MG1, Sampson HA2. Author information 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 2Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. Electronic address: hugh.sampson@mssm.edu.  DOI:   10.1016/j.anai.2018.01.027

Facial Dermatitis in Male Patients Referred for Patch Testing: Retrospective Analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group Data, 1994 to 2016. Authors: Warshaw EM1,2, Schlarbaum JP1,3, Maibach HI4, Silverberg JI5, Taylor JS6, Atwater AR7, Reeder MJ8, DeKoven JG9, Pratt MD10, DeLeo VA11, Zug KA12, Fransway AF13, Belsito DV14, Mathias T15, Fowler JF Jr16, Marks JG Jr17, Sasseville D18, Zirwas MJ19. Author information 1Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 2Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. 3University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis. 4Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco. 5Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC. 6Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 7Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 8Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin Medical Sch...

Sulfonamide Hypersensitivity: Fact and Fiction. Authors: Khan DA1, Knowles SR2, Shear NH3. Author information 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex. Electronic address: dave.khan@utsouthwestern.edu. 2 Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 3 Department of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Abstract Sulfonamide antimicrobials are commonly reported as causing drug allergy and have been implicated in a variety of hypersensitivity reactions including immediate IgE-mediated reactions, benign T-cell-mediated rashes, and severe cutaneous adverse reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. Cross-reactivity is unlikely between sulfo...

Successful treatment with mepolizumab in a case of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis complicated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Authors: Tsubouchi H1, Tsuchida S1, Yanagi S1, Shigekusa T1, Miura M2, Sakaguchi K2, Matsumoto N1, Nakazato M1. Author information 1 Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Japan. 2 Kyoritsu Clinic, Miyakonojo, Japan. Abstract Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex hypersensitivity reaction that is associated with an allergic immunological response to Aspergillus species via Th2-related inflammation. The long-term use of a systemic corticosteroid is often needed for the treatment of ABPA. However, systemic corticosteroid treatment imposes a risk of the onset of a nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Here we report the case of a patient with ABPA who required the long-term use of an oral cortic...

Anisakis Nematodes in Fish and Shellfish- from infection to allergies. Authors: Aibinu IE1, Smooker PM1, Lopata AL2,3,4. Author information 1 School of Science, Discipline of Biosciences and Food Technology, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. 2 Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 3 Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 4 College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Abstract Anisakidosis is a zoonotic parasitosis induced by members of the family Anisakidae. The anisakid genera includes Anisakis, Pseudoterranova, Hysterothylacium and Contracaecum. The final definitive hosts of these nematodes are marine mammals with a complex life cycle. These nematode parasites use different ...

Nasal IgE production in allergic rhinitis: Impact of rhinovirus infection. Authors: Hamed A1, Preston DC1, Eschenbacher W1, Khokhar D1, Workman L1, Steinke JW1, Heymann P2, Lawrence M1, Soto-Quiros M3, Platts-Mills TAE1,4, Payne S1,5, Borish L1,4. Author information 1 Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia. 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia. 3 Hospital Naçional de Niños, San José, Costa Rica. 4 Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia. 5 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia. Abstract BACKGROUND: Rhinovirus (RV) infections exacerbate asthma in part by enhancing an allergic state, and these exacerbations can be mitigated via administration of anti-IgE. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the presence of local IgE production in the nose of allergic and non-allergic ...

Eosinophilic colitis and colonic eosinophilia. 　 Authors: Walker MM1, Potter MD, Talley NJ. 1Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia. Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW:   Eosinophilic colitis is a rare condition, with a prevalence rate in the USA of 2-3/100  000 persons (0.003%), but diagnosed in 0.1% of biopsies in those colonoscoped for diarrhoea. Secondary colonic eosinophilia is more common and associated with systemic, colonic and infectious diseases. In this review, the latest advances in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are summarized and discussed.   RECENT FINDINGS:   What constitutes a 'normal' count of eosinophils is poorly documented but there are recent studies that establish normal colonic eosinophil ranges as well as distinguishing histological and clinical findings in primary eosinophilic colitis and secondary colonic eosinophilia in children and adults. Primary e...

Urticaria in children and adolescents: An updated review of the pathogenesis and management. 　 Authors: Kudryavtseva AV1, Neskorodova KA1, Staubach P2. 1I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. 2Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany. Abstract The present survey represents the latest data on diagnosis and management of childhood urticaria. It has been observed that urticaria occurs less often in children than adults, with symptoms rarely lasting for over 6 weeks. Triggers or aggravating factors can be found only in 21%-55% of cases. Finding autoantibodies in children does not impact a disease prognosis, unlike in adult patients, where the presence of autoantibodies is associated with a more prolonged run of the disease, a more severe prognosis and more intensive treatment methods. The incidence of food allergy equals to 8%-10% of cases. The incidence of Helicobacter Pylori infection in children is lower than that in...

Vaccine-associated hypersensitivity. Authors: McNeil MM1, DeStefano F2. 1Immunization Safety Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Electronic address: mmm2@cdc.gov.2Immunization Safety Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga. Abstract Vaccine-associated hypersensitivity reactions are not infrequent; however, serious acute-onset, presumably IgE-mediated or IgG and complement-mediated anaphylactic or serious delayed-onset T cell-mediated systemic reactions are considered extremely rare. Hypersensitivity can occur because of either the active vaccine component (antigen) or one of the other components. Postvaccination acute-onset hypersensitivity reactions include self-limited localized adverse events and, rarely, systemic reactions ranging from urticaria/angioedema to full-blown anaphylaxis with multisystem involvement. Risk of anaphylaxis after all vaccines is estimated to be 1.31 (95% CI, 0.90-1.84) per million vaccine doses...

Capítulo B01.  Tree pollen allergy. Authors:   Enrico Scala, Riccardo Asero, Verena  Niederberger                                            Abstract   Cup a 1 reactivity is the specific marker  allergen for a sensitization to the Cupressaceae family.  PR-10 molecules (i.e. Bet v 1) are the major  allergens in Fagales pollen, often associated  with an oral allergy syndrome.  Ole e 1 is the most common sensitizing molecule in olive pollen.  Pla a 1 and Pla a 2 may serve as a marker of  primary sensitization to plane tree pollen. EAACI link:  www.eaaci.org

Earlier ingestion of peanut after changes to infant feeding guidelines: The EarlyNuts study. Authors: Soriano VX1, Peters RL1, Ponsonby AL2, Dharmage SC3, Perrett KP4, Field MJ5, Knox A5, Tey D6, Odoi S5, Gell G5, Camesella Perez B5, Allen KJ7, Gurrin LC8, Koplin JJ9. 1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. 2School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Neuroepidemiology Research Group, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia. 3School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. 4Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. 5Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville,...

S3 guidelines: Epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs - Short version, Part 1. Authors: Mahler V1,2, Nast A3, Bauer A4, Becker D5, Brasch J6, Breuer K7, Dickel H8, Drexler H9, Elsner P10, Geier J11, John SM12, Kreft B13, Köllner A14, Merk H15, Ott H16, Pleschka S17, Portisch M1, Spornraft-Ragaller P4, Weisshaar E18, Werfel T19, Worm M20, Schnuch A11, Uter W21. Author information 1 Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. 2 Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany. 3 Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology, Venereology und Allergology, Division of Evidence-based Medicine (dEBM), Berlin, Germany. 4 Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Dresden Technical University, Dresden, Germany. 5 Department of Dermatology, University Medica...

Sulfonamide Drug Allergy. Authors: Dorn JM1, Alpern M1, McNulty C1, Volcheck GW2. 1 Mayo Clinic, Division of Allergic Diseases, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. 2 Mayo Clinic, Division of Allergic Diseases, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. Volcheck.gerald@mayo.edu. Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We sought to review past and current literature on sulfonamide drug allergy and distill it in a practical manner to assist the clinician, specifically focusing on cross-reactivity and desensitization. RECENT FINDINGS: There do not appear to be consistent genetic markers to reliably predict features of or the presence hypersensitivity reactions. Recent evidence continues to alleviate early concerns cross-reactivity between sulfonamide antibiotics and non-antibiotics. Sulfonamide drug allergy is frequently encountered by the practicing clinician. For sulfonamide antibiotics, delayed rash is the most common clinical manifestation. There is no current evid...

Nutritional Issues in Food Allergy. Authors: Skypala IJ1,2, McKenzie R3. 1 Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. i.skypala@rbht.nhs.uk. 2 Imperial College, London, UK. i.skypala@rbht.nhs.uk. 3 Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Abstract Diet and nutrition play an important role in the development and management of food allergy. The diet of expectant mothers can have an effect on their offspring in terms of allergic outcomes. A host of confounding factors may influence this, with a maternal diet rich in fruits and vegetables, fish, vitamin D-rich foods associated with a lower risk of allergic disease in their children. More surprisingly, the consumption of milk and butter has also been shown to have a protective effect, especially in a farm environment. Similarly, the diet of the infant can also be important, not only in terms of breast feeding, but also the timing of the introduction of complementary foods, the diversity o...

Current and emerging treatments for chronic spontaneous urticaria. Authors: Johal KJ1, Saini SS2. 1 Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 2 Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: ssaini@jhmi.edu. Abstract OBJECTIVES: To review the published literature on current and new treatments for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and to provide guidance on the potential use of these therapeutics. DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search was performed to include English-language articles with the keywords chronic spontaneous urticaria, pathophysiology, quality of life, and treatments, with a preference to those articles written in the last 5 years. ClinicalTrials.gov was reviewed for recent rele...

Update on Quinolone Allergy. Authors: Doña I1, Moreno E2,3, Pérez-Sánchez N4, Andreu I5, Hernández Fernandez de Rojas D6, Torres MJ4. 1 Allergy Unit, Pabellón 6, primera planta, IBIMA Regional University Hospital of Malaga-UMA (Pavillion C, Hospital Civil), Plaza del Hospital Civil, 29009, Malaga, Spain. inmadd@hotmail.com. 2 Allergy Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. 3 Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain. 4 Allergy Unit, Pabellón 6, primera planta, IBIMA Regional University Hospital of Malaga-UMA (Pavillion C, Hospital Civil), Plaza del Hospital Civil, 29009, Malaga, Spain. 5 Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe-UniversitatPolitècnica de València, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026, Valencia, Spain. 6 Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain. Abstract PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Quinolones are a gr...

Dr. Ricardo Cardona Villa, Jefe del Programa de Alergología Clínica, en compañía de otros 7 docentes y 7 de los residentes del programa. "Este programa nutre y oxigena la Alergología Clínica en Colombia" Ricardo Cardona Villa.

Capítulo A6.  Allergen families and databases. Authors:   Heimo Breiteneder                                            Abstract   Proteins that share a common evolutionary origin - which is reflected first and foremost by their similar overall structure and topology - are grouped into families. Families with a common origin are grouped into superfamilies. Very few of the almost 16,300 protein families as described by the protein family database Pfam families harbour allergens. Proteins that are described worldwide as allergens can be classified roughly into 30 to 40 protein families. Based on their molecular, biologic and biochemical properties, allergenic proteins are able to initiate both innate and adaptive immune responses during the sensit...

Current Trends in Tolerance Induction in Cow's Milk Allergy: From Passive to Proactive Strategies. Authors: Sackesen C1, Altintas DU2, Bingol A3, Bingol G4, Buyuktiryaki B5, Demir E6, Kansu A7, Kuloglu Z7, Tamay Z8, Sekerel BE5. 1Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. 2Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Cukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey. 3Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey. 4Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. 5Division of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. 6Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey. 7Division of Pediatr...

Drug hypersensitivity in clonal mast cell disorders: ENDA/EAACI position paper. Authors: Bonadonna P1, Pagani M2, Aberer W3, Bilò MB4, Brockow K5, Oude Elberink H6, Garvey L7, Mosbech H7, Romano A8, Zanotti R9, Torres MJ10. 1Allergy Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Intergrata of Verona, Verona, Italy. 2Medicine Ward, Pieve di Coriano Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera Carlo Poma Mantova, Mantova, Italy. 3Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medizinische Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria. 4Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy. 5Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. 6Department of Allergology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 7Allergy Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark. 8Allergy Unit Complesso Integrato Columbus, Rome and IRCCS Oasi Maria S....

Capítulo A5. Skin test, basophil activation test (bat) and provocation tests Authors:   Nikos Douladiris, Peter Korosec, Hans Jürgen Hoffmann                                            Abstract   Skin and other provocation testing with molecular allergens is safe and may provide important information beyond extract testing. Basophil activation testing of molecular allergens is a good alternative prior to skin or other provocation testing. EAACI link:  www.eaaci.org

Food Intolerances Authors: Tuck CJ1,2, Biesiekierski JR2, Schmid-Grendelmeier P3, Pohl D4 . 1 Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada. 2 Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. 3 Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich Switzerland and Christine-Kühne Center for Allergy Research and Education CK-CARE, 7265 Davos, Switzerland. 4 Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. daniel.pohl@usz.ch. Abstract Food intolerances are estimated to affect up to 20% of the population but complete understanding of diagnosis and management is complicated, given presentation and non-immunological mechanisms associated vary greatly. This review aims to provide a scientific update on common food intolerances resulting in gastrointestinal and/or extra-intestinal symptoms. FODMAP sensitivity has strong evidenc...

Cardiac safety of second-generation H1-antihistamines when updosed in chronic urticaria. Authors Cataldi M1, Maurer M2, Taglialatela M1, Church MK2 . 1 Section of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. 2 Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Abstract The symptoms of chronic urticaria, be it chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) or chronic inducible urticaria (CindU), are mediated primarily by the actions of histamine on H1 receptors located on endothelial cells (the weal) and on sensory nerves (neurogenic flare and pruritus). Thus, second-generation H1 antihistamines (sgAHs) are the primary treatment of these conditions. However, many patients are poorly responsive to licensed doses of antihistamines. In these patients, the current EAACI/GA2 LEN/EDF/WAO guideline for urticaria suggests updosing of sg...

Histamine (Scombroid) Fish Poisoning: a Comprehensive Review. Authors: Feng C1, Teuber S1, Gershwin ME2. 1 Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. 2 Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. megershwin@ucdavis.edu. Abstract Histamine fish poisoning, also known as scombroid poisoning, is the most common cause of ichythyotoxicosis worldwide and results from the ingestion of histamine-contaminated fish in the Scombroidae and Scomberesocidae families, including mackerel, bonito, albacore, and skipjack. This disease was first described in 1799 in Britain and re-emerged in the medical literature in the 1950s when outbreaks were reported in Japan. The symptoms associated with histamine fish poisoning are similar to tha...

Next-generation Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines for allergic rhinitis based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and real-world evidence. Authors: Bousquet J1, Schünemann HJ2, Togias A3, Bachert C4, Erhola M5, Hellings PW6, Klimek L7, Pfaar O8, Wallace D9, Ansotegui I10, Agache I11, Bedbrook A12, Bergmann KC13, Bewick M14, Bonniaud P15, Bosnic-Anticevich S16, Bossé I17, Bouchard J18, Boulet LP19, Brozek J2, Brusselle G20, Calderon MA21, Canonica WG22, Caraballo L23, Cardona V24, Casale T25, Cecchi L26, Chu DK2, Costa EM27, Cruz AA28, Czarlewski W29, D'Amato G30, Devillier P31, Dykewicz M32, Ebisawa M33, Fauquert JL34, Fokkens WJ35, Fonseca JA36, Fontaine JF37, Gemicioglu B38, van Wijk RG39, Haahtela T40, Halken S41, Ierodiakonou D42, Iinuma T43, Ivancevich JC44, Jutel M45, Kaidashev I46, Khaitov M47, Kalayci O48, Kleine Tebbe J49, Kowalski ML50, Kuna P51, Kvedariene V52, La Grutta S53, Larenas-Linemann D5...