ALERGOLOGÍA PARA MÉDICOS Y PACIENTES 2021

European academy of dermatology and venereology European prurigo project: expert consensus on the definition, classification and terminology of chronic prurigo. Authors:  Pereira MP1, Steinke S1, Zeidler C1, Forner C1, Riepe C1, Augustin M2, Bobko S3, Dalgard F4, Elberling J5, Garcovich S6, Gieler U7, Gonçalo M8, Halvorsen JA9, Leslie TA10, Metz M11, Reich A12, Şavk E13, Schneider G14, Serra-Baldrich E15, Ständer HF16, Streit M17, Wallengren J18, Weller K11, Wollenberg A19, Bruland P20, Soto-Rey I20, Storck M20, Dugas M20, Weisshaar E21, Szepietowski JC22, Legat FJ23, Ständer S1; EADV Task Force Pruritus group members. 1 Department of Dermatology, Competence Center for Chronic Pruritus, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. 2 Competence Center for Healthcare Research in Dermatology (CVderm), Institute for Healthcare Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. 3 Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of

Management of Cough Authors :  Gibson PG1. 1 Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Electronic address: peter.gibson@newcastle.edu.au. Abstract:  People with chronic cough can experience significant quality-of-life impairment. New concepts based around cough reflex hypersensitivity are leading to improved management strategies and showing promise in relieving the distress from persistent cough. The clinical cough assessment seeks to classify patients on the basis of symptom duration, and to identify and manage exposures and diseases that activate the afferent limb of the cough reflex. Cough hypersensitivity is also addressed by managing laryngeal dysfunction with speech pathology therapy and managing central cough reflex sensitization with neuromodulators. There are prospects for novel therapies based around several new t

Microbiota and Food Allergy Authors:  Shang-An Shu1 & Agatha W. T. Yuen2 & Elena Woo1 & Ka-Hou Chu2 & Hoi-Shan Kwan2 & Guo-Xiang Yang1 & Yao Yang3 & Patrick S. C. Leung1 1Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, The University of California, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, California, 95616, USA. 2School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China. 3Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China. 4Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine, The University of California, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, California, 95616, USA. psleung@ucdavis.edu. Abstract:  Emerging evidence suggests that the increasing prevalence of food allergies is associated with compositional and functional changes in our gut microbiota. Microbiota-host interactions play a k

The Role of Mobile Health Technologies in Allergy Care: an EAACI Position Paper. Authors: Matricardi PM1, Dramburg S1, Alvarez-Perea A2,3, Antolín-Amérigo D4, Apfelbacher C5, Atanaskovic-Markovic M6, Berger U7, Blaiss MS8, Blank S9, Boni E10, Bonini M11,12,13, Bousquet J14,15, Brockow K16, Buters J9, Cardona V17, Caubet JC18, Cavkaytar Ö19, Elliott T20, Esteban-Gorgojo I21, Fonseca JA22,23,24, Gardner J25,26, Gevaert P27, Ghiordanescu I28, Hellings P29,30, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K31, Kalpaklioglu AF32, Marmouz F33, Meijide Calderón Á34, Mösges R35,36, Nakonechna A37,38, Ollert M39,40, Oteros J9, Pajno G41, Panaitescu C42, Perez-Formigo D43, Pfaar O44, Pitsios C45, Rudenko M46, Ryan D47, Sánchez-García S48,49, Shih J50, Tripodi S51, Van der Poel LA52, van Os-Medendorp H53, Varricchi G54, Wittmann J55, Worm M56, Agache I57. 1 Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany. 2 Allergy Service, Hospital Gene

EAACI position paper: Comparing insect hypersensitivity induced by bite, sting, inhalation or ingestion in human beings and animals. Authors: Pali-Schöll I1,2, Blank S3, Verhoeckx K4,5, Mueller RS6, Janda J7, Marti E8, Seida AA9, Rhyner C10, DeBoer DJ11, Jensen-Jarolim E1,2. 1 Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 2 Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 3 Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany. 4 Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 5 TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands. 6 Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximi

Sinus Infections, Inflammation, and Asthma Authors:   Staudacher AG1, Stevens WW2. 1 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. 2 Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 211 East Ontario Street Suite 1000, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address: whitney-stevens@northwestern.edu. Abstract: There is an important link between the upper and lower respiratory tracts whereby inflammation in one environment can influence the other. In acute rhinosinusitis, pathogen exposures are the primary driver for inflammation in the nose, which can exacerbate asthma. In chronic rhinosinusitis, a disease clinically associated with asthma, the inflammation observed is likely from a combination of an impaired epithelial barrier, dysregulated immune response, and potentially infection (or colo

Liberalized Versus Strict Cow's Milk Elimination for the Treatment of Children with Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Authors: Teoh T1, Mill C2, Chan E1,2, Zimmer P3, Avinashi V1,3. 1 University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 2 BC Children's Hospital, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 3 BC Children's Hospital, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Cow's milk is a commonly implicated trigger in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Exclusive cow's milk avoidance has been reported previously, but the degree of elimination required for remission is unclear. Strict food avoidance may confer a risk of developing immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cow's milk elimination (CME) in children with

Management of ocular allergy. Authors: Leonardi A1, Silva D2, Perez Formigo D3,4, Bozkurt B5, Sharma V6, Allegri P7, Rondon C8, Calder V9, Ryan D10, Kowalski ML11, Delgado L2, Doan S12, Fauquert JL13. 1 Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. 2 Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Serviço de Imunoalergologia, Centro Hospitalar São João, University of Porto, EPE - Porto, Porto, Portugal. 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario de Torrejon, Madrid, Spain. 4 Faculty of Medicine, University of Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), Pozuelo de Alarcon, Madrid, Spain. 5 Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. 6 Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. 7 Allergic Conjunctivitis Unit, Ocular Inflammatory Diseases Referral Center, Rapallo Hospit

Role of mast cells and basophils in pruritus. Authors: Steinhoff M1,2,3,4,5, Buddenkotte J1,2, Lerner EA6. 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. 2 Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. 3 Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar. 4 Medical School, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. 5 Department Of Dermatology and UCD Charles Institute for Translational Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. 6 Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA. Abstract: To protect our body systems, there is a constant interactive conversation between the skin nervous and immune system. Important elements of this conversation in the skin include mast cells, basophils, and sensory nerve fibers. These cells employ a vast array of sensors that detect danger and react accordingly. This reaction, summarized as n

Comparison of Corticosteroids by 3 Approaches to the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps. Authors: Zhang Y#1,2, Lou H#1,2, Wang Y2, Li Y2, Zhang L1,2,3, Wang C1,4 . 1 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China. 3 Department of Allergy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. dr.luozhang@139.com. 4 Beijing Key Laboratory of Nasal Diseases, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China. wangcs830@126.com. Abstract: PURPOSE: Corticosteroids are regarded as the mainstay of medical treatment of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP). To date, a head-to-head comparison of the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoid preparations administered via different routes for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps has not

Nutritional management of cow's milk allergy in children: An update. Authors:   Dupont C1, Chouraqui JP2, Linglart A3, Bocquet A4, Darmaun D5, Feillet F6, Frelut ML7, Girardet JP8, Hankard R9, Rozé JC5, Simeoni U10, Briend A11; Committee on Nutrition of the French Society of Pediatrics. 1 Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address: christophe.dupont@aphp.fr. 2 Université Joseph-Fourier, 38000 Grenoble, France. 3 Service d'endocrinologie-diabète de l'enfant, CHU de Bicêtre, 94275 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. 4 Université de Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France. 5 Université Nantes-Atlantique, 44300 Nantes, France. 6 Université de Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France. 7 Endocrinologie-diabète de l'enfant, CHU de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. 8 Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie Paris-6, 75005 Paris, France. 9 Inserm U 1069, université de Tours, CHU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France. 10 Université de Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerla

Effect of Subcutaneous Dupilumab on Nasal Polyp Burden in Patients With Chronic Sinusitis and Nasal Polyposis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Authors: Bachert C1, Mannent L2, Naclerio RM3, Mullol J4, Ferguson BJ5, Gevaert P6, Hellings P7, Jiao L8, Wang L8, Evans RR9, Pirozzi G8, Graham NM9, Swanson B8, Hamilton JD9, Radin A9, Gandhi NA9, Stahl N9, Yancopoulos GD9, Sutherland ER10. 1 Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium2Clintec, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. 2 Research and Development, Sanofi, Chilly Mazarin, France. 3 University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. 4 Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain. 5 University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 6 Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. 7 Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Department of

Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Adults and Children: New Classification and Prognostic Factors. Authors:   Matito A1, Azaña JM2, Torrelo A3, Alvarez-Twose I4. 1 Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Hospital Virgen del Valle, Ctra. Cobisa s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain. 2 Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, C/Hermanos Falcó nº 37, Albacete 02006, Spain. 3 Department of Dermatology, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Av/Menéndez Pelayo, nº 65, Madrid 28009, Spain. 4 Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Hospital Virgen del Valle, Ctra. Cobisa s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain. Electronic address: ivana@sescam.jccm.es. Abstract:  The skin is one of the most frequent tissues affected in patients with mastocytosis, but cutaneous lesions are highly heterogeneous in shape, size, color, number, localization, and distribution. The World Healt

Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Authors:  Hopkins C1. 1 From Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London. A 50-year-old man presents with a 5-year history of progressive nasal obstruction and reduction in his sense of smell. Symptoms were initially intermittent but have become persistent and very bothersome, with the patient rating them as severe. He reports sleep disturbance and postnasal drip and recently received a diagnosis of asthma. Alcohol consumption exacerbates his nasal congestion. Anterior rhinoscopy reveals pale, fleshy polyps filling both sides of the nasal cavity. How would you further evaluate and manage this case? DOI:   10.1056/NEJMcp1800215

An overview of fruit allergy and the causative allergens. Authors: Hassan AK1, Venkatesh YP2 1 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India. 2 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India. Phone: +91 8212514876 Fax: +91 821 251 7233 E-mail: venkatyp@yahoo.com. Abstract: Plant allergens, being one of the most widespread allergenic substances, are hard to avoid. Hence, their identification and characterization are of prime importance for the diagnosis and treatment of food allergy. The reported allergies to fruits mainly evoke oral allergy syndrome caused by the presence of cross-reactive IgE to certain pollens and thus, allergy to fruits has also been linked to particular pollens. Many fruit allergies are being studied for their causative allergens, and are being characterized. Some tro

Autoimmune comorbidity in chronic spontaneous urticaria: A systematic review Authors: Kolkhir P1, Borzova E2, Grattan C3, Asero R4, Pogorelov D5, Maurer M6. 1 I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Division of Immune-mediated Skin Disorders, Trubetskaya st., 8/2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation. 2 Department of Clinical Allergology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Postgraduate Education, Barrikadnaya st., 2/1, Moscow 125993, Russian Federation. 3 Urticaria Clinic, St John's Institute of Dermatology, London SE1 9RT, UK. 4 Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Via Ospedale, 21, Paderno Dugnano (MI), 20037, Italy. 5 Luxembourg Institute of Health, Department of Infection and Immunity, rue Henri Koch, 29, Esch-sur-Alzette L-4354, Luxembourg. 6 Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin D-10117, Germany. Electronic address: marcus.maurer@

CAPS and NLRP3 Authors:   Booshehri LM1, Hoffman HM2. 1 Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. 2 Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. hahoffman@ucsd.edu Abstract: Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a rare inherited autoinflammatory disorder characterized by systemic, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, and central nervous system inflammation. Gain-of-function mutations in NLRP3 in CAPS patients lead to activation of the cryopyrin inflammasome, resulting in the inappropriate release of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and CAPS-related inflammatory symptoms. Several mechanisms have been identified that are important for the normal regulation of the cryopyrin inflammasome in order to prevent uncontrolled inflammation. Inves

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Churg–Strauss) Authors:   Nguyen Y1, Guillevin L1. 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Referral Center for Rare Systemic and Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. Abstract: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly called Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of small- and medium-size vessels, characterized by asthma and blood eosinophilia. EGPA typically occurs in patients with preexisting asthma, and involves the skin, lungs, and peripheral nerves. Poor-prognosis factors (i.e., involvement(s) of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, and/or kidney) have been assessed with the Five-Factor Score (FFS). One-third of the patients have anti-myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasm antibodies, and their presence seems to differentiate between two phenotypes, with different clinical characteristics and prognoses. Overall survival has improved markedly