ALERGOLOGÍA PARA MÉDICOS Y PACIENTES 2021

 World allergy organization anaphylaxis guidance 2020 Authors:  VictoriaCardonaaIgnacio J.AnsoteguibMotohiroEbisawacYehiaEl-GamaldMontserratFernandez RivaseStanleyFinemanfMarioGellergAlexeiGonzalez-EstradahPaul A.GreenbergeriMarioSanchez BorgesjGianenricoSennaKAzizSheikhlLuciana KaseTannomBernard Y.ThongnPaul J.Turnero1MargittaWormp1 Abstract:  Anaphylaxis is the most severe clinical presentation of acute systemic allergic reactions. The occurrence of anaphylaxis has increased in recent years, and subsequently, there is a need to continue disseminating knowledge on the diagnosis and management, so every healthcare professional is prepared to deal with such emergencies. The rationale of this updated position document is the need to keep guidance aligned with the current state of the art of knowledge in anaphylaxis management. The World Allergy Organization (WAO) anaphylaxis guidelines were published in 2011, and the current guidance adopts their major indications, incorporating some nov

Cold urticaria - What we know and what we do not know Authors Natalya Maltseva  Elena Borzova  Daria Fomina  Mojca Bizjak  Dorothea Terhorst‐Molawi  Mitja Košnik Kanokvalai Kulthanan  Raisa Meshkova  Simon Francis Thomsen  Marcus Maurer  Abstract Cold urticaria (ColdU) is a common form of chronic inducible urticaria characterized by the development of wheals, angioedema or both in response to cold exposure. Recent research and guideline updates have advanced our understanding and management of ColdU. Today, its pathophysiology is thought to involve the cold‐induced formation of autoallergens and IgE to these autoallergens, which provoke a release of proinflammatory mediators from skin mast cells. The classification of ColdU includes typical and atypical subtypes. We know that cold‐induced wheals usually develop on rewarming and resolve within an hour and that anaphylaxis can occur. The diagnosis relies on the patient's history and cold stimulation testing. Additional diagnostic wor

Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Authors:  Mariana C. Castells, M.D., Ph.D.,  and Elizabeth J. Phillips, M.D. Abstract  To date, the development of mRNA vaccines for the prevention of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a success story, with no serious concerns identified in the ongoing phase 3 clinical trials.1 Minor local side effects such as pain, redness, and swelling have been observed more frequently with the vaccines than with placebo. Systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, and muscle and joint pain have also been somewhat more common with the vaccines than with placebo, and most have occurred during the first 24 to 48 hours after vaccination.1 In the phase 1–3 clinical trials of the Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna mRNA vaccines, potential participants with a history of an allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine were excluded. The Pfizer–BioNTech studies also excluded participants with a history o